Estudo de Romanos 8:14 – Comentado e Explicado

pois todos os que são conduzidos pelo Espírito de Deus são filhos de Deus.
Romanos 8:14

Comentário de Albert Barnes

Para tantos – Todo aquele; todos os que são assim guiados. Isso introduz um novo tópico, ilustrando os benefícios do evangelho, isto é, que produz um espírito de adoção, Romanos 8: 14-17 .

Como são liderados – Como se submetem à sua influência e controle. O Espírito é representado como influenciando, sugerindo e controlando. Uma evidência de piedade é a disposição de ceder a essa influência e se submeter a ele. Uma evidência decidida da falta de piedade é onde há uma falta de vontade de se submeter a essa influência, mas onde o Espírito Santo é entristecido e resistido. Todos os cristãos se submetem à sua influência; todos os pecadores decididamente a rejeitam e se opõem a ela. A influência do Espírito, se seguida, levaria todo homem ao céu. Mas quando negligenciado, rejeitado ou desprezado, o homem desce ao inferno. A glória pertence ao Espírito condutor quando o homem é salvo; a culpa é do homem quando ele está perdido. O apóstolo aqui não agita a questão de como é que o povo de Deus é guiado pelo Espírito, ou por que se rendem a ele quando outros resistem. Seu objetivo é simplesmente declarar o fato de que aqueles que são assim conduzidos são filhos de Deus ou têm evidência de piedade.

São os filhos de Deus – São adotados em sua família e são seus filhos. Este é um nome de carinho, o que significa que eles sustentam para ele essa relação; que eles são seus amigos, discípulos e imitadores; que eles são parte da grande família dos remidos, de quem ele é o Pai e Protetor. É frequentemente aplicado aos cristãos na Bíblia; Jó 1: 6 ; João 1:12 ; Filemom 2:15 ; 1 João 3: 1-2 ; Mateus 5: 9 , Mateus 5:45 ; 6:35 . Este é um teste de piedade que é facilmente aplicado.

(1) estamos conscientes de que uma influência do alto nos afastou das paixões e vaidades corruptas deste mundo? Esta é a obra do Espírito.

(2) temos consciência de um desejo de ceder a essa influência e de ser conduzido no caminho da pureza e da vida? Esta é uma evidência de que somos filhos de Deus.

(3) não oferecemos resistência; seguimos alegremente e obedecemos a essa pura influência, levando-nos a mortificar o orgulho, subjugar a paixão, destruir a luxúria, a humilde ambição e aniquilar o amor à riqueza e ao mundo? Se assim for, somos seus filhos. Deus não nos desviará; e nossa paz e felicidade consistem apenas em nos entregarmos inteiramente a essa influência e em estarmos dispostos a ser conduzidos por essa mão invisível “ao lado das águas tranquilas da salvação”.

Comentário de E.W. Bullinger

led . Ver Romanos 2: 4 .

o espírito . Veja App-101. Neste capítulo, temos pneuma Christou e pneuma Theou, ambos referentes à nova natureza.

Comentário de John Calvin

14. Para quem é guiado pelo Espírito de Deus , etc. Esta é uma confirmação do que precedeu imediatamente; pois ele nos ensina que somente aqueles são considerados filhos de Deus, que são governados por seu Espírito; pois por essa marca Deus os reconhece como seu próprio povo. Assim, a vanglória vazia de hipócritas é removida, que sem qualquer motivo assume o título; e, assim, os fiéis são encorajados, com uma confiança hesitante, a esperar a salvação. A importância do todo é esta: “todos esses são os filhos de Deus que são guiados (252) pelo Espírito de Deus; todos os filhos de Deus são herdeiros da vida eterna; então todos os que são guiados pelo Espírito de Deus devem se sentir seguros da vida eterna. Mas o termo médio ou suposição é omitido, pois era indubitável.

Mas é correto observar que a operação do Espírito é diversa: pois há aquilo que é universal, pelo qual todas as criaturas são sustentadas e preservadas; há também aquilo que é peculiar aos homens e de caráter variável: mas o que ele quer dizer aqui é santificação, com a qual o Senhor não favorece senão seus próprios eleitos e com o qual os separa para os filhos para si.

Comentário de Adam Clarke

Para todos os que são guiados pelo Espírito, etc. – Nenhum homem que não tenha assistência Divina pode encontrar o caminho para o céu, ou andar nele quando encontrado. Como Cristo, por sua oferta de sacrifício, abriu o reino de Deus a todos os crentes; e, como mediador, transaciona as preocupações de seu reino diante do trono; então o Espírito de Deus é o grande agente aqui abaixo, para iluminar, acelerar, fortalecer e guiar os verdadeiros discípulos de Cristo; e todos os que nascem deste Espírito são guiados e guiados por ele; e ninguém pode fingir ser filho de Deus que não é assim guiado.

Comentário de Thomas Coke

Romanos 8:14 . Eles são filhos de Deus – Isaque, por seu nascimento sobrenatural, sendo de maneira peculiar o filho de Deus, os israelitas que seus filhos foram chamados pelo próprio Deus, seu filho, Êxodo 4:22 . Mas eles eram filhos de Deus apenas em um sentido inferior: pois por essa relação eles não tinham direito a nada além da herança terrena. Enquanto os crentes são, em um sentido superior, os filhos de Deus. Sendo espiritualmente gerados por Deus, eles participam de sua natureza, são herdeiros do país celestial e, se fiéis até a morte, pela redenção de seus corpos podem se tornar imortais como Deus – eles são capazes de desfrutar da herança eterna. Talvez também seja dado aos crentes o alto título dos filhos de Deus , para transmitir uma idéia afetante de sua dignidade e felicidade; porque, de todas as coisas nas quais os homens do mundo se gloriam, o nascimento nobre é o principal.

Comentário de Spurgeon

Romanos 8:14 . For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God.

You can judge yourself, dear friend, by this test. Do you follow the Spirit’s leading? Do you desire continually that he should be your supreme Guide and Leader? If you are led by the Spirit of God, then you have this highest of all privileges, you are one of the sons of God. Nothing can equal that honour; to be a son of God, is more than anything of which ungodly kings and emperors can boast, with all their array of pomp and wealth.

Romanos 8:15 . For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear;

Ye did receive it once, and it was a great blessing to you. This came of the law, and the law brought you under bondage through a sense of sin, and that made you first cry for liberty, and then made you accept the liberating Saviour; but you have not received that spirit of bondage again to fear.

Romanos 8:15 . But ye have received the spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.

We who believe in Jesus are all children of God, and we dare to use that name which only children might use, “Abba;” and we dare use it even in the presence of God, and to say to him, “Abba, Father.” We cannot help doing it, because the spirit of adoption must have its own mode of speech; and its chosen way of speaking is to appeal to the great God by this name, “Abba, Father.”

Romanos 8:16 . The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are the children of God:

There are two witnesses, then, and in the mouth of these two witnesses the whole truth about our adoption shall be established. Our own spirit — so changed as to be reconciled to God, and led in ways which once it never trod, — our own spirit bears witness that we are the sons of God; and then God’s own Spirit bears witness, too, and so we become doubly sure.

Romanos 8:17 . And if children, then heirs;

For all God’s children are heirs, and all equally heirs. The elder-born members of God’s family, such as Abraham and the rest of the patriarchs, are no more heirs of God than are we of these latter days who have but lately come to Christ. “If children, then heirs.” Heirs of what?

Romanos 8:17 . Heirs of God,

Not only heirs of what God chooses to give, but heirs of himself. There need be nothing else said, if this is true: “The Lord is my portion, saith my soul.” “Heirs of God,”

Romanos 8:17 . And joint-heirs with Christ; if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together.

Do you ever have in your heart a longing to behold the glory of God? Do you feel pressed down when you see abounding sin? Are your eyes ready to be flooded with tears at the thought of the destruction of the ungodly? Then, you are having sympathy with Christ in his sufferings, and you shall as certainly be an heir with him, by-and-by, in his glory.

This exposition consisted of readings from Psalms 27 and Romans 8:14-17 .

Comentário de Spurgeon

Romanos 8:14 . For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God.

Not those who say they are “the sons of God,” but those who undoubtedly prove that they are, by being led, influenced, gently guided, by the Spirit of God.

Romanos 8:15 . For ye have yet received the spirit of bondage again to fear: but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.

We did receive the spirit of bondage once. We felt that we were under the law, and that the law cursed us. We felt its rigorous taxation, and that we could not meet it. Now that spirit ‘has gone, and we have the spirit of freedom, the spirit of children, the spirit of adoption. I suppose that the apostle, when he thus spake and said. “ye,” felt so much of the spirit of adoption in his own bosom that he could not talk of it as belonging to others alone. He was obliged to include it thus’, and so he puts it, “Ye have received the spirit of adoption whereby we cry, Abba, Father.” He wanted to intimate that he himself also was a partaker of this blessed spirit. And woe to the preacher who can preach an adoption which he never enjoyed. Woe to any of us if we can teach to others concerning the spirit of sonship, but never feel it crying in our own souls, “Abba, Father.”

Romanos 8:16 . The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that toe are the children of God:

It corroborates the testimony of conscience. We feel that we are the children of God; and the Spirit of God comes forward as a second, but still greater and higher witness, to confirm the testimony that we are the children of God.

Romanos 8:17 . And if children then heirs; heirs of God, and joint heirs with Christ; if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together.

It is to be all with him. With him in the suffering; with him in the glory; with him in the reproach of men; with him in the honour at the right hand of the Father. But if we shun the path of humiliation with him, we may expect that he will deny us in the day of his glory.

Romanos 8:18 . For I reckon

Judge, count it up, and calculate.

Romanos 8:18 . That the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us.

These sufferings, however sharp, are short, compared with eternal glory, infinitesimal, not worthy to be taken account of; like one drop falling into a river and lost in it.

Romans 8:19-21 . For the earnest expectation of the creature waiteth for the manifestation of the sons of God. For the creature was made subject to vanity, not willingly, but by reason of him who hath subjected the same in hope. Because the creature itself also shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God.

There is a future even for materialism. That poor, dusky clod in which we dwell is yet to be illuminated with the light of God; and these poor bodies which are akin to the dust of the earth, and still remain as if they were not delivered, being subjected to pain, and weakness, and death — even they are yet to be brought into the glorious liberty of the children of God.

Romans 8:22-23 . For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now. And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the first fruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body.

The soul has obtained its redemption. Therefore, our heart is glad, and our glory rejoicing. But our body has not yet obtained its redemption. That is to come at the resurrection. Then will be the adoption. “Waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body.” Oh! blessed fact! Though now, in common with the whole creation, the body is subjected to bondages, yet it shall be delivered, and we — the whole man, body as well as soul and spirit — shall be brought into the liberty of the children of God.

Romans 8:24-25 . For we are saved by hope: but hope that is seen is not hope: for what a man seeth, why doth he yet hope for? But if we hope for that we see not, then do we with patience wait for it.

Ah! brethren, if we could be all we should like to be, there would then be no room for the exercise of hope. If we had all that we are to have, then hope, which is one of the sweetest of the graces, would have no room in which to exercise herself. It is a blessed thing to have hope. Though I have heard that faith and hope are not to be found in heaven, I very much question it. I do not think they will ever die. “Now abide these three —faith, hope, and love”; for in heaven there will be room, surely, for trust in the ever blessed God that he will never cast us out from our blessedness —room for the expectation of the second advent — room for the expectation of the conquest of the world — room for the fulfilled promise of bringing all the elect to glory; still something to be hoped for; still something to be believed. Yet here is the main sphere of hope, and therefore let us give it full scope; and when other graces seem to be at a non-plus, let us still hope. I believe the New Zealand word for hope is “swimming thought,” because that will swim when everything else is drowned. Oh! happy is that man who has a hope that swims on the crest of the stormiest billow.

Romanos 8:26 . Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities:

And especially our infirmities in prayer, for there is where infirmities are mostly seen.

Romanos 8:26 . For we knew not what we should pray for as we ought: but the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered.

I should have thought that it would have read, “But the Spirit itself teaches us what we should pray for.” But it does more than that. He goes beyond teaching us what we should pray for. He “maketh intercession for us, with groanings which cannot be uttered.” Do you know what those groanings are? I am afraid that those who never had groanings which cannot be uttered will never know anything of that glory which cannot be expressed, for that is the way to it. The groanings that cannot be uttered lead on to unutterable joy.

Romanos 8:27 . And he that searcheth the hearts knoweth what is the mind of the Spirit, because he maketh intercession for the saints according to the will of God.

That is the philosophy of prayer. Whatever God’s will is, the Spirit of God writes it on the hearts of praying saints, and they pray for the very thing which God intends to give. As the barometer often foretells the weather that is coming, so the spirit of prayer in the Christian is the barometer which indicates when showers of blessing are coming. It is well with us when we can pray. If we cannot do anything else, if we feel that we can pray, times are not so bad with us as we might think.

Romanos 8:28 . And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose.

We know it: we are assured of it.

Romans 8:29-30 . For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren. Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified.

No breaking of these links. Where God gives one of these blessings, he gives the rest. There is no intimation of a failure somewhere in between. The predestinated are called, and the called are justified, and the justified are glorified.

Romans 8:31-33 . O que diremos então a essas coisas? If God be for us, who can be against us? He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things? Who shall lay anything to the charge of God’s elect?

Who shall? Who may? Quem ousa?

Romans 8:33-35 . It is God that justifieth. Quem é ele que condena? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us. Quem nos separará do amor de Cristo? shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword?

All these have done their worst.

Romans 8:36 . As it is written, For thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter.

But have they divided the saints from the love of Christ? Have they made the saints leave off loving Christ, or Christ cease from loving his people?

Romans 8:37-39 Way, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us. For I am persuaded that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come. Nor height nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

For which blessed be the name of the adorable Trinity, world without end!

Comentário de Spurgeon

Romanos 8:14 . For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God.

Leading implies following; and those who are enabled to follow the guidance of the Divine Spirit are most assuredly children of God, for the Lord ever leads his own children. If, then, you are following the lead of God’s Spirit, you have one of the evidences of sonship.

Romanos 8:15 . For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.

The spirit of bondage is the spirit of servants, not of sons; but that servitude is ended for us who are made free in Christ Jesus. We are no longer afraid of being called the children of God. We are not afraid of our own Father; we have a filial fear of him, but it is so mixed with love that there is no torment in it. Whether Jew or Gentile, we cry, “Abba, Father.”

Romanos 8:16 . The Spirit itself beareth witness with our spirit, that we are the children of God:

Our spirit knows that we are God’s children and then God’s Spirit adds his testimony to the witness of our spirit that we are the children of God.

Romanos 8:17 . And if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ; if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together.

This would not necessarily be true of any man’s family, for he might have children who were not his heirs; but, in God’s family, all who are born into it are born “heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ.” We must take our part of Christ’s portion,— his portion here, and his portion hereafter; the rule for us who are in him shall be, “share and share alike.” He himself has said, “Where I am, there shall also my servant be;” and all that he has he will divide with us. Are you willing, dear brother, to take shares with Christ? If not, then I question whether you can be rightly reckoned among his saints.

Romanos 8:18 . For I reckon that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us.

“Light afflictions” are contrasted with “an exceeding weight of glory.” Temporary afflictions, but for a moment, are to be followed by everlasting crowns that fade not away. Que contraste!

Romans 8:19 . For the earnest expectation of the creature waiteth for the manifestation of the sons of God.

All creation is, as it were, watching and waiting on tip-toe for the day when God shall manifest his sons who are at present hidden. In due time, they shall come forth, acknowledged of God, and then shall the whole creation rejoice.

Romans 8:20-23 . For the creature was made subject to vanity, not willingly, but by reason of him who hath subjected the same in hope, Because the creature itself also shall be delivered from the bondage of corruption into the glorious liberty of the children of God. For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now. And not only they, but ourselves also, which have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for the adoption, to wit, the redemption of our body.

We have already obtained salvation for our souls, but our body is still under bondage,— subject to weariness,— to pain,— to infirmity,— to death; but, by-and-by, with the new creation, our newly-moulded bodies shall be fit to live in the new world, and fit for our newborn souls to inhabit. This is the full redemption for which we are waiting.

Romans 8:24-28 . For we are saved by hope: but hope that is seen is not hope: for what a man seeth, why doth he yet hope for? But if we hope for that we see not, then do we with patience wait for it. Likewise the Spirit also helpeth our infirmities: for we know not what we should pray for as we ought: but the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered.. And he that searcheth the hearts knoweth what is the mind of the Spirit, because he maketh intercession for the saints according to the will of God. And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose.

“We know that all things work together for good.” That is a wonderfully positive statement, Paul. There are certain persons, nowadays, who say that we know nothing; yet the apostles constantly say, “We know this,” and “We know that.” These people tell us that there is a great distinction between believing and knowing,— but, evidently, it is a distinction of which the inspired apostles knew nothing at all. Read the Epistles of John, and note how he continually says, “We know, we know, we know,” and how frequently he adds, “We believe,” as though believing and knowing were the same thing. Agnostics may declare that they know nothing, if they please; but, as for us who do know, because we believe what we are taught of God in this Book, we will speak. He who has something to say has a right to say it; we know, and therefore we speak. Mark, brethren, how the apostle speaks here; he does not say that all things shall work together for good; no, but that they do work together, they are now working for your present good. This is not merely something which shall eventually turn out right; it is all right now, “We know that all things are working together for good to them that love God, to them who are the called according to his purpose.” No sooner does the apostle mention that word “purpose” than he must needs found a long discourse upon it. He was not afraid or ashamed to speak of the purposes of God. There are some preachers who say nothing about God’s purpose, or God’s decree; they seem to be afraid of it, they say it is “Calvinistic doctrine.” Why, it was here, in the Scriptures, long before Calvin was born, so what right have they to call it by his name? Listen to what the apostle has to say:

Romans 8:29-30 . For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed, to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren. Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified.

There is no separating these golden links of love and mercy. That foreknowledge, to which all things future are open and present, begins the deed of love. Predestination comes in, and chooses a people for God who shall be eternally his. Upon this, in due time, follows effectual calling, by which the chosen ones are brought out, from the impure mass of mankind, and set apart unto God. Then follows justification by faith, through the precious blood and righteousness of Jesus Christ; and where this is, glory will certainly come, for “whom he justified, them he also glorified.”

Romans 8:31-32 . O que diremos então a essas coisas? If God be for us, who can be against us? He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things ?

Notice, it is not simply “freely give us all things;” but, “with him also freely give us all things.” You shall get all things with Christ; but you shall get nothing without Christ, for all the other gifts come in this one. God first gave us his Son; and he gives us everything in him.

Romans 8:33 . Quem deve impor alguma coisa à acusação dos eleitos de Deus? It is God that justifieth.

Ring out the challenge in heaven itself; trumpet it through all the caverns of hell; let the whole universe hear it: “Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God’s elect ?” None can, for “it is God that justifieth,” and his justification blocks every charge that is brought against his people.

Who shall the Lord’s elect condemn?

‘Tis God that justifies their souls;

And mercy like a mighty stream,

O’er all their sins divinely rolls.

Romans 8:34 . Who is he that condemneth ?

None will answer to that challenge, for

Romans 8:34-35 . It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us. Who shall separate us from the love of Christ ?

Oh, this blessed question — this touching question! It seems to come at the end of all the others,— a rear-guard which effectually prevents our treasures from being taken from us. “Quis separabit?” “Who shall separate us from the love of Christ?”

Romans 8:35 . Shall tribulation ?

That has been tried. Have not the saints been beaten like wheat upon the threshing-floor? Has not addiction been to them a stern test of the reality of their faith? But Christ has loved them none the less for all the suffering that he has permitted to fall upon them.

Romans 8:35 . Or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword?

When they have been in famine or poverty, has Christ ever forsaken his saints? Ah não! he has loved them all the more. Have any of these things separated us from our Saviour? Não; but they have, to our own consciousness, knitted us even more closely to our Divine Lord. Cruel men have tried every form of persecuting the saints of God; they have been more inventive in the torments which they have applied to Christians than in almost anything else; yet no torture, no rack, no imprisonment, has ever divided them from Christ. They have clung to him still, after the manner of John Bunyan, who, when they said, that he might go free if he would promise not to preach the gospel, said, “I will lie in prison till the moss grows on my eyelids rather than I will ever make such a promise as that. If you let me out of prison today, I will preach tomorrow, by the grace of God.”

Romans 8:36 . As it is written, For thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter.

But there has been no triumph over the saints in this case.

Romans 8:37-39 . Nay, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us. For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Not all that men on earth can do,

Nor powers on high, nor powers below,

Shall cause his mercy to remove,

Or wean our hearts from Christ our love.

Glory be unto his holy name! Amém.

Comentário de John Wesley

Pois todos os que são guiados pelo Espírito de Deus são filhos de Deus.

Pois todos os que são guiados pelo Espírito de Deus – em todos os caminhos da justiça.

Eles são os filhos de Deus – Aqui São Paulo entra na descrição daquelas bênçãos que ele compreende, Romanos 8:30 , na palavra glorificada; embora, de fato, ele não descreva mera glória, mas aquilo que ainda está misturado com a cruz. A soma é, através de sofrimentos para a glória.