Estudo de Hebreus 10:38 – Comentado e Explicado

Meu justo viverá da fé. Porém, se ele desfalecer, meu coração já não se agradará dele {Hab 2,3s}.
Hebreus 10:38

Comentário de Albert Barnes

Now the just shall live by faith – This is a part of the quotation from Habakkuk Habakkuk 2:3-4 , which was probably commenced in the previous verse; see the passage fully explained in the notes on Romans 1:17 . The meaning in the connection in which it stands here, in accordance with the sense in which it was used by Habakkuk, is, that the righteous should live by “continued confidence” in God. They should pass their lives not in doubt, and fear, and trembling apprehension, but in the exercise of a calm trust in God. In this sense it accords with the scope of what the apostle is here saying. He is exhorting the Christians whom he addressed, to perseverance in their religion even in the midst of many persecutions. To encourage this he says, that it was a great principle that the just, that is, all the pious, ought to live in the constant exercise of “faith in God.” They should not confide in their own merits, works, or strength. They should exercise constant reliance on their Maker, and he would keep them even unto eternal life. The sense is, that a persevering confidence or belief in the Lord will preserve us amidst all the trials and calamities to which we are exposed.

But if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him – This also is a quotation from Habakkuk 2:4 , but from the Septuagint, not from the Hebrew. “Why” the authors of the Septuagint thus translated the passage, it is impossible now to say. The Hebrew is rendered in the common version, “Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him;” or more literally, “Behold the scornful; his mind shall not be happy” (Stuart); or as Gesenius renders it, “See, he whose soul is unbelieving shall, on this account, be unhappy.” The sentiment there is, that the scorner or unbeliever in that day would be unhappy, or would not prosper – ?? ???? lo’ yaasharaahThe apostle has retained the general sense of the passage, and the idea which he expresses is, that the unbeliever, or he who renounces his religion, will incur the divine displeasure. He will be a man exposed to the divine wrath; a man on whom God cannot look but with disapprobation. By this solemn consideration, therefore, the apostle urges on them the importance of perseverance, and the guilt and danger of apostasy from the Christian faith. If such a case should occur, no matter what might have been the former condition, and no matter what love or zeal might have been evinced, yet such an apostasy would expose the individual to the certain wrath of God. His former love could not save him, any more than the former obedience of the angels saved them from the horrors of eternal chains and darkness, or than the holiness in which Adam was created saved him and his posterity from the calamities which his apostasy incurred.

Comentário de E.W. Bullinger

apenas Grego. dikaios. App-191. A terceira vez de citar Habacuque 2: 4 . Veja Romanos 1:17 .

se Grego. ean. App-118.

desvantagem . Grego. hupostello. Ver Gálatas 1: 2 , Gálatas 1:12 .

alma . App-110.

Comentário de John Calvin

38. Agora os justos, etc. Ele quer dizer que a paciência nasce da fé; e isso é verdade, pois nunca seremos capazes de realizar nossas competições a menos que sejamos sustentados pela fé, mesmo que, por outro lado, João realmente declare, que nossa vitória sobre o mundo é pela fé. ( 1 João 5: 4. ) É pela fé que subimos ao alto; que saltamos sobre todos os perigos desta vida presente, e todas as suas misérias e problemas; que possuímos uma posição tranquila no meio de tempestades e tempestades. Então o apóstolo anunciou esta verdade, que todos os que são contados diante de Deus não vivem de outra maneira senão pela fé. E o tempo futuro do verbo ao vivo, prova a perpetuidade desta vida. Que os leitores consultem sobre este assunto Romanos 1:17 , (198) e Gálatas 3:11 , onde esta passagem é citada.

Mas se alguém recuar, etc. Esta é a tradução de ???? exaltação, conforme usada pelo Profeta, pois as palavras são: “Onde houver exaltação ou munição, a alma desse homem não continuará bem nele”. O apóstolo apresenta aqui a versão grega, que concorda parcialmente com as palavras do Profeta e difere parcialmente delas. Pois esse retrocesso difere pouco, se é que existe alguma coisa, da exaltação ou orgulho com que os ímpios são inflados, uma vez que sua oposição refratária a Deus procede da falsa confiança com que são inebriados; pois é por isso que eles renunciam à sua autoridade e prometem a si mesmos um estado de silêncio, livre de todo mal. They may be said, then, to draw back, when they set up defenses of this kind, by which they drive away every fear of God and reverence for his name. And thus by this expression is intimated the power of faith no less than the character of impiety; for pride is impiety, because it renders not to God the honor due to him, by rendering man obedient to him. From selfsecurity, insolence, and contempt, it comes that as long as it is well with the wicked, they dare, as one has said, to insult the clouds. But since nothing is more contrary to faith than this drawing back, for the true character of faith is, that it draws a man unto submission to God when drawn back by his own sinful nature.

The other clause, “He will not please my soul,” or as I have rendered it more fully, “My soul shall not delight in him,” is to be taken as the expression of the Apostle’s feeling; for it was not his purpose to quote exactly the words of the Prophet, but only to refer to the passage to invite readers to a closer examination of it. (199)

Behold the fainting! Not right is his soul within him;
But the righteousness by his faith shall he live.

The fainting ie, as to faith and he who “draws back,” or withdraws through fear, as the verb means, are descriptive of the same character. To persevere in expecting the fulfillment of a promise, is the subject in Habakkuk and also in this passage. And then, that the soul of the fainting is not right, is the same as to say that such a soul is not what God approves.

A theological dispute has arisen, though unnecessarily, from the construction of the last clause in this verse. The introduction of “any one,” or any man, has been objected to, and that it ought to be “but if he,” ie, “the righteousness” draw back, etc. The probability is, that as “anyone” should not be ascribed to Beza, for Pagininus and others had done so before him. However, the doctrine of perseverance is in no way imperiled by leaving out “any one.” The Bible is full of this mode of addressing Christians, and yet the Bible assures us that the sheep of Christ shall never perish. Warnings and admonitions are the very means which God employs to secure the final salvation of his people; and to conclude from such warnings that they may finally fall away, is by no means a legitimate argument. – Ed .

Comentário de Adam Clarke

Agora, o justo viverá pela fé – Mas o justo pela fé, isto é, aquele que é justificado pela fé, viverá – será preservado quando esse flagelo transbordante vier. Veja este significado da frase vindicada, Romanos 1:17 . E é evidente, tanto neste texto quanto em Gálatas 3:11 , que é nesse sentido que o apóstolo o usa.

Mas se alguém recuar – ?a? ea? ?p?ste???ta? · Mas se recuar; ele, o homem que é justificado pela fé; pois é dele, e de nenhum outro, que o texto fala. A inserção das palavras que qualquer homem, se feito para servir ao propósito de um credo específico, é uma perversão perversa das palavras de Deus. Evidentemente, eles pretendiam afastar o parente do antecedente, a fim de salvar a doutrina da perseverança final e incondicional; qual doutrina esse texto destrói.

Minha alma não terá prazer nele – Meu próprio coração se oporá àquele que naufraga a fé e uma boa consciência. A palavra ?p?ste??e?? significa, não apenas recuar, mas se afastar e se esconder através do medo. Nesse sentido, é usado pelos melhores escritores gregos, assim como por Josephus e Philo. Como os covardes e covardes são odiados por todos os homens, também os que fogem de Cristo e de sua causa, por medo de perseguição ou perda secular, Deus deve desprezar; neles ele não pode deleitar-se; e seu Espírito, entristecido com sua conduta, deve abandonar seus corações e levá-los às trevas e durezas.

Comentário de John Wesley

Agora, o justo viverá pela fé; mas, se alguém recuar, minha alma não terá prazer nele.

Agora o justo – A pessoa justificada.

Deve viver – A favor de Deus, uma vida espiritual e santa.

Pela fé – Contanto que ele retenha esse dom de Deus.

Mas se ele recuar – Se ele naufragar sua fé, Minha alma não tem prazer nele – Ou seja, eu o abomino; Eu o rejeitei. Habacuque 2: 3 , etc.